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Designed for voltage clamping using patch electrodes on single channels or whole cells.
Full Function
Whole Cell Clamp or
Single Channel
True Current Clamp
100% Stable
200 kHz Bandwidth
Full Telegraphs
Facilitate Computer
Logging of Settings
The Model 2400 is a low-noise, full-featured patch clamp amplifier designed for voltage clamping using patch electrodes on single channels or whole cells. Its design also allows fast intracellular current clamp measurements with sharp electrodes.
Full-Function Patch Clamp Amplifier for both whole cells and patches
True Current Clamp is 100% stable with bandwidth of 200 kHz.
Switchable Dual Resistive Feedback Headstage
Capacity, series resistance, and whole cell compensation
4-pole Low-Pass Bessel Filters
Internally generated test signals
Telegraph outputs for all major front panel controls
Independent hold, offset, and tracking circuitry
Displays command potentials, cell currents, and voltages
Amplifier current gain can be matched to your experimental needs by selecting one of the three available dual resistive feedback probes, as the gain is partially determined by the value of the resistor in the headstage. There are three heastages to choose from: 1 GΩ/10 MΩ, 10 GΩ/10 MΩ, and 10 GΩ/100 MΩ. The wide range of feedback resistors means currents can be recorded with outputs of 1 mV/nA to 10 mV/fA. The standard probe sent with each unit is the 100 M>Ω/10 G>Ω version, but other values can be selected.
Unlike other patch clamp amplifiers, the Model 2400 has a voltage follower in the probe. This allows this amplifier to be a true fast current clamp amplifier with no instability. An integrated four pole low pass Bessel filter provides flexible signal conditioning. Fine tuning capacity compensation is available to eliminate virtually all electrode-induced transients. Calibrated whole cell compensation provide easy display of membrane capacitance and access resistance.
A host of command potentials are integrated internally within the model 2400, including an automatic tracking command to zero the membrane current, manual controls for offset and holding potentials, and an easily readable digital display. For signals that are more complicated, an external command input with different scaling factors is available for use with any signal source. A digital meter provides accurate values of command signals and membrane currents or voltages, the true RMS noise of the amplifier and experimental setup, the cut off frequency of the low pass filter, and the overall gain of the amplifier plus probe.
Series resistance compensation provides the researcher with the option of introducing either or both predictive and corrective compensation from zero to 100%. Fine and coarse controls for lag provide sensitive control to minimize oscillation produced by compensation close to 100%. Separate compensation controls exist for eliminating transients seen during current clamp experiments when the bridge balance is used.
Telegraph outputs provide analog voltage equivalents of front panel settings including error conditions, amplifier mode and gain, Cmembrane, RMS noise, and low pass filter cut-off value. These telegraphs allow the Model 2400's front panel settings to be automatically recorded by your system software.
The Model 2400 Patch Clamp Amplifier from A-M Systems can serve as a high quality research amplifier in your laboratory, or an inexpensive teaching rig in your graduate courses . Please contact us for information about a free Model 2400 “test drive” in your own lab… No purchase required.
The Optopatcher provides unmatched accuracy in applying optical stimulation to an in-vivo patch-clamp protocol. The holder houses both an optical fiber and an electrode enabling simultaneous patch-clamp recording and optogenetic activation.
This is a significant advantage in non-slice protocols, such as in-vivo recording from intact animals, whole-cell patch-clamping, LFP recording, and spike/single-unit recording.
The optopatcher was developed by A-M Systems under the guidance of its inventors, Dr. Ilan Lampl and Dr. Yonatan Katz of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. (J Neurosci Meth 214 (2013) 113– 117).
The Model 2400 includes:
| Feedback Resistor | Probe Gain | Maximum Current | Minimum Bandwidth |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 MΩ | 10 mV/nA | 1000 nA | 100 kHz |
| 100 MΩ | 100 mV/nA | 100 nA | 100 kHz |
| 1 GΩ | 1 mV/pA | 10 nA | 60 kHz |
| 10 GΩ | 10 mV/pA | 1 nA | 40 kHz |
Voltage clamp modes measured with the internal 4 pole Bessel filter and minimum external noise.
| Headstage Resistor (Ωs) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bandwidth | 10 M | 100 M | 1 G | 10 G |
| 1 kHz Theoretical Limit | 0.002 nA | 0.4 pA | 0.1 pA | 0.04 pA |
| 1 kHz | 0.003 nA | 0.5 pA | 0.17 pA | 0.08 pA
|
Current clamp modes have noise levels less than 20 µV with inputs shorted.
For voltage-clamping only the bandwidth is settable from 10 kHz to 100 kHz.
| Membrane Current Output Range | |
|---|---|
| Probe Feedback Resistor | Output Range |
| 10 MΩ | 10 mV/nA-1 V/nA |
| 100 MΩ | 100 mV/nA-10 V/nA |
| 1 GΩ | 1 mV/pA-100 nV/pA |
| 10 GΩ | 10 mV/pA-1 V/pA |
A-M Systems Model 2400 Patch Clamp Amplifier is compatible with pCLAMP, WinWCP as well as Signal. The following description is for CED's Signal software.
Signal for Windows incorporates many powerful features for whole cell and single channel experiments that make it ideal for electrophysiological recording. Familiar terms, and easily set up protocols for standard requirements enable the user to get started quickly using Signal and a CED Power 1401 data acquisition interface. Signal also incorporates an import function allowing you to analyze data from other recording systems.
Signal can easily all of the stimuli needed, including pre-recorded waveforms to perform voltage and current clamp experiments. In addition, Signal combined with the Power1401-3 data acquisition system are the easiest way to implement Dynamic Clamping in your research protocols.
Multiple sets of stimuli can be stored in one sampling configuration and selected manually or automatically sequenced. Signal can perform on-line measurement of seal and membrane resistance. Leak subtraction and I/V plots can be generated in real time or during offline analysis. Signal also provides mathematical functions to enable complicated curve fitting to waveform data and I/V plots.
Telegraph communication from the A-M Systems Model 2400 Patch Clamp Amplifier allows Signal to set properly scale collected data and send appropriate control voltages to the amplifier for complete control of the recording preparation
Signal can perform complicated curve fitting to your collected measured data, including Exponential, Gaussian, Polynomials, and Sigmoid curve. All data can be plotted and exported in tabular or graphical forms.
WinWCP is a Windows program for recording and analysing signals from whole cell voltage and current clamp experiments.
Signal and the Power1401-3 data acquisition system are the easiest way to implement Dynamic Clamping in your research program. Signal includes a fully integrated, easily configurable, high-performance dynamic clamping system. This advanced feature makes the technique readily available to researchers who do not have access to complex customized hardware and software, by providing a professionally designed, maintained and supported package that is usable by all, at a low cost.
In the dynamic clamp technique, a typically nonlinear feedback system delivers current to a cell to represent the actions of virtual ion channels, allowing ion channels or synapses to be simulated or the actions of existing channels to be cancelled.
When used in conjunction with the Power1401-3, Signal can be the bases of your dynamic clamp environment. Standard embedded hardware-based dynamic clamp systems offer feedback that is fast and precisely timed, but these systems are often expensive and sometimes inflexible. PC-based systems, on the other hand, allow more complex feedback, but real-time performance can be poor.
The CED Signal dynamic clamp system gives you the best of both worlds. All real-time aspects of the system are executed by the Power1401's fast embedded processor using pre-calculated lookup tables and optimized floating-point arithmetic, with the feedback calculations triggered by the ADC sampling for maximum stability. This software-based design is quick yet still provides great flexibility. The non-real-time aspects of the system are handled by the controlling PC to allow simplicity and ease of use.
The result: a dynamic clamp system integrated into the standard Signal data acquisition software that outperforms generally available dynamic clamp systems, at a reasonable cost.
Signal Dynamic clamping requires a CED Power1401-3 and a PC with Windows NT 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8 or Intel Macintosh running Windows. Both 64-bit and 32-bit OS versions are supported. We recommend the computer has a minimum of 2GB of RAM.
The probe is both a current to voltage converter and a voltage follower. The current to voltage converter used in voltage clamping has one of two high value resistors used for amplifying membrane currents. Below is a table of the different probes you can purchase from A-M Systems and their feedback resistors.
Note: For proper operation, the purchase of a Model 2400 Patch Clamp Amplifier Headstage and an electrode holder is required.
| Catalog Number | Probe Low Gain Resistor Value (Ωs) |
Maximum Current | Probe High Gain Resistor Value (Ωs) |
Maximum Current |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 880210 | 10M | 1000nA | 1G | 10nA |
| 880218 | 10M | 1000nA | 10G | 1nA |
| 880222* | 100M | 100nA | 10G | 1nA |
The input BNC will hold any BNC style electrode holder, and is where any input signal should be connected. The center conductor is connected through a current limiting resistor to a field effect transistor amplifier. Other than the current limiting resistor there is no other protection to the probe so care must be taken to avoid electrostatic discharges. The outer conductor of the BNC is connected to a guard circuit. The guard is a buffered version of the input voltage, so care must be taken not to ground the outer conductor of the BNC.
The Model 2410 is an electrical equivalent circuit of several types of conditions a research encounters during voltage and current clamping. This model can be used to train students in patch clamp technique, or to improve your patch clamping techniques. It is also very useful to test if your patch clamp is functioning properly without having to worry about connections and pipette problems.
The Model 2410 acts as a "virtual cell" when attached to your amplifier headstage. By selecting one of the offered MODE positions, the internal circuity acts to mimic the condition listed, and present the equivalent electrical signal to your headstage. This enables your students to learn how the recording will vary with the assorted conditions, and what they should look for in their real recordings.
Further, they can learn how the assorted controls on a patch clamp amplifier can affect the recorded signal.
Model 2410 Cell Simulator
| Catalog # | Product | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 880222 | Patch Clamp Headstage-10G/100M Feedback Resistors |
Price:
$540.00
|
|
| 880218 | Patch Clamp Headstage-10G/10M Feedback Resistors |
Price:
$540.00
|
|
| 880210 | Patch Clamp Headstage-1G/10M Feedback Resistors |
Price:
$540.00
|
|
| 880260 | Model Cell |
Price:
$115.00
|
|
| 688000 | Rack Mount Hardware for 3.5" Instruments |
Price:
$25.00
|
|
| 880010 | Model 2410 Cell Simulator-110 V, 60 Hz |
Price:
$475.00
|
|
| 880015 | Model 2410 Cell Simulator-220 V, 50 Hz |
Price:
$475.00
|
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